Biology bast fibers of hemp

The book summarizes the achievements of science and practice in the field of biology fibrous hemp in connection with the theoretical methodological problems of selection. The features of morphological structure of stem and ontogenetic accumulation of fiber in it. Described in detail the anatomy of the stem, especially the fibrous layer and its individual structures, patterns of change in anatomical features, depending on the nature and agronomic factors. A comparative study of samples of cannabis nizkovoloknistyh modern high fiber varieties of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of primary and secondary fibers. It is shown that the degree of volatility and correlation features fibrous.

Consider these lesser known and emerging issues such as the role of leaves and leaf traces in the formation of the morphological features of the stem and the fibrous layer, determine the degree of thickening of the stem due to natural steep fibrous layer, setting the parameter weight density fiber layer in order to use it to highlight the high-productive plants for fiber .

The book is intended for biologists, breeders, technologists and Machinery konoplevodstva sphere.

CONTENT

Foreword 3
SECTION 1. Specific features HEMP CULTURE 6
eleven. Place in the hemp plant 6
12. Sexual forms and types 7
13. Geographic (environmental) types 9
14. The uniqueness of the practical use of cannabis 11
15. Problematic areas of selection 14
Conclusions 18
SECTION 2. Morphology leaflets 19
2.1. Stipules 21
2.2. Petiole 21
2.3. The deflection angle of the sheet 23
2.4. Number lamina 24
2.5. The central lamina 29
2.5.1. The size of the leaf blade 29
2.5.2. Polymorphism of the teeth 34
2.5.3. Venation 40
2.6. Ontogenetic development leaves 47
2.6.1. The cotyledons 47
2.6.2. Simple leaves 51
2.6.3. Compound leaves 54
2.6.4. Bepxushechnye sheets 55
2.7. The degree of variability of traits sheet 56
Conclusions 58
SECTION 3. Morphology STEM in conjunction with a sheet of 61
3.1. Signs of the size of the stem 61
3.2. Inflorescence Form 65
3.3. Listerazmeschenie on the stem 69
3.4. Internode and thickening of the stem 78
3.5. Biological abruptness of the fibrous layer 82
3.6. Leaf and trace the shape of the stem 88
3.7. Ontogenetic development of the stem 92
3.8. The degree of variability of morphological characters of the stem 101
Conclusions 105
SECTION 4. STEM ANATOMY 108
4.1. General anatomical structure of the stem 108
4.2. The primary structure of the stem 110
4.2.1. The epidermis 111
4.2.2. Kolenhima 112
4.2.3. Cow parenchyma 113
4.2.4. Endodermis 114
4.2.5. Pericycle 115
4.2.6. Fibrovascular bundles 115
4.3. The secondary structure of the stem 119
4.3.1. Cambium and its derivatives 119
4.3.2. Periderm 121
4.4. System fibrovascular bundles of leaves and stem 123
4.5. Anatomy and histochemistry of the fibrous layer 128
4.5.1. The general structure of the fiber layer 129
4.5.2. The fiber bundles 132
4.5.3. Filaments 134
4.6. Communication anatomical and histochemical features stem from the practice 144
Conclusions 151
SECTION 5. variability anatomical characters STEM 155
5.1. Ontogenetic variability 155
5.2. The variability of the samples and 171 grades
5.3. Modification variability 193
5.3.1. The area of ​​the power plant 193
5.3.2. Fertilizers 200
5.3.3. Terms of sowing 208
5.3.4. Soil moisture 211
5.3.5. Periods of harvesting 214
5.3.6. Gibberellin 217
5.3.7. Broomrape 219
5.3.8. Exposure to wind 220
Conclusions 221
SECTION 6 WEIGHT AND fiber content - OCHOBHYE selection signs fibrous STEM 229
6.1. Isolation of stem fibers and signs of his research 229
6.2. Ontogenetic dynamics of accumulation of fibers in the stem 233
6.3. Variability of the fiber along the stem 239
6.4. Communication weight and fiber content with the morphological features of plants 250
6.5. Weight density fiber layer 269
6.6. Contact the content of fibrous stalk with a mass of 275 seeds
Conclusions 279
SECTION 7 QUALITY SIGNS FIBER 284
7.1. The main criteria of quality indicators of fiber 284
7.2. Differences collection samples 286
7.3. Influence of the size of the stem on the quality characteristics of fiber 289
7.4. The qualitative heterogeneity of the fibers along the stem 302
7.5. Differences raznovoloknistih grades 306
7.6. Influence of conditions of cultivation of hemp fiber quality 313
7.6.1. Fertilizers 313
7.6.2. Trace elements and physiologically active substances 317
7.6.3. Soil moisture 319
7.6.4. Periods of harvesting stalks 321
7.7. Comparative quality fiber fiber crops 326
Conclusions 328
SECTION 8. Variations and Correlation SIGNS fibrous 332
8.1. Variation variability of fibrous 333
8.2. Correlation signs fibrous 343
Conclusions 357
References 361